Lockdown measures included travel restrictions, the mandatory closure of schools, nonessential commercial activities and industries. On March 9 th 2020, lockdown measures were enforced by the government on entire national territory. Italy has been the first European country that had to face the pandemic. Since clusters of atypical pneumonia of unknown aetiology were discovered in the city of Wuhan, Hubei province, in late December 2019, the viral disease has continued to exponentially spread throughout China and worldwide. The COVID-19 pandemic is a global health emergency that could potentially have a serious impact on public health, including mental health ( 1, 2). The psychological impact of the COronaVIrus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak and related lockdown measures among the Italian population are unknown. These findings warrant further monitoring on the Italian population’s mental health. Having a loved one deceased by COVID-19 was associated with PTSS, depression, perceived stress, and insomnia.Ĭonclusion: We found high rates of negative mental health outcomes in the Italian general population 3 weeks into the COVID-19 lockdown measures and different COVID-19 related risk factors. Discontinued working activity due to the COVID-19 was associated with all the selected outcomes, except for ADS working more than usual was associated with PTSS, Perceived stress and ADS. Any recent COVID-related stressful life event was associated with all the selected outcomes. Quarantine was associated with PTSS, anxiety and ADS. Being woman and younger age were associated with all of the selected outcomes.
Seemingly unrelated logistic regression analysis was performed to identify COVID-19 related risk factors. Selected outcomes were post-traumatic stress symptoms (PTSS), depression, anxiety, insomnia, perceived stress, and adjustment disorder symptoms (ADS). Eighteen thousand one hundred forty-seven individuals completed the questionnaire, 79.6% women. Methods: A web-based survey spread throughout the internet between March 27 th and April 6 th 2020. The current study assesses rates of mental health outcomes in the Italian general population three to 4 weeks into lockdown measures and explores the impact of COVID-19 related potential risk factors. 6IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italyīackground: The psychological impact of the COronaVIrus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak and lockdown measures on the Italian population are unknown.5Department of Information Engineering, Computer Science and Mathematics, University of L’Aquila, L’Aquila, Italy.4Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.3Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A.2Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L’Aquila, L’Aquila, Italy.1Chair of Psychiatry, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.Rodolfo Rossi 1, Valentina Socci 2*, Dalila Talevi 2, Sonia Mensi 3, Cinzia Niolu 1,4, Francesca Pacitti 2, Antinisca Di Marco 5, Alessandro Rossi 2, Alberto Siracusano 1,4 and Giorgio Di Lorenzo 1,6
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